MBA GMAT vs GRE: Which Test Should You Take?

So, you’re thinking about getting an MBA – congratulations! That’s a fantastic goal. But before you start picturing yourself in a corner office, there’s a hurdle to clear: the standardized test. For years, the GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) was the undisputed king of MBA admissions. However, the GRE (Graduate Record Examinations) has become increasingly popular, and virtually all business schools now accept it. This leaves many prospective students wondering: GMAT or GRE? Which test is right for *me*?

Choosing the right test is a critical first step. Your score will significantly impact your application. This comprehensive guide will delve into the nuances of both exams, examining their format, content, scoring, and overall suitability for different types of candidates. We’ll also explore strategies for test preparation and debunk common myths surrounding the GMAT and GRE.

Understanding the GMAT

The GMAT is designed specifically to assess skills considered crucial for success in business school. It focuses on analytical thinking, problem-solving, and reasoning abilities, all within a business context. Think of it as a gauge of your potential to thrive in a rigorous MBA program.

GMAT Format and Structure

The GMAT is a computer-adaptive test, meaning the difficulty of questions adjusts based on your performance. This dynamic approach aims to efficiently pinpoint your skill level. The exam consists of four sections:

1. Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA): This section requires you to analyze an argument and write a well-reasoned essay. You have 30 minutes for this task.
2. Integrated Reasoning (IR): This section presents you with data in various formats (tables, graphs, text passages) and requires you to analyze and synthesize information to answer complex questions. You also have 30 minutes for this section, answering 12 questions.
3. Quantitative Reasoning: This section tests your mathematical abilities, including arithmetic, algebra, and geometry. You have 62 minutes to answer 31 questions.
4. Verbal Reasoning: This section assesses your reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and sentence correction skills. You have 65 minutes to answer 36 questions.

The total testing time, excluding breaks, is approximately 3 hours and 7 minutes. Including check-in and breaks, plan to spend around 4 hours at the test center.

GMAT Scoring

The GMAT is scored on a scale of 200 to 800, with most top business schools looking for scores above 600, and many targeting scores of 700 or higher. The Quantitative and Verbal sections contribute to the overall score. The AWA is scored separately on a scale of 0 to 6, and the IR section is scored on a scale of 1 to 8. While these sections are considered in your application, the overall score holds the most weight.

GMAT scores are valid for five years, so you have ample time to apply to business schools after taking the test.

GMAT Content Breakdown

Let’s break down the content of each section in more detail:

Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA)

The AWA requires you to analyze the reasoning behind a provided argument. You’ll need to identify the argument’s strengths and weaknesses, evaluate the evidence presented, and suggest ways to improve the argument. Strong writing skills, logical reasoning, and the ability to articulate your thoughts clearly are essential for success in this section.

Integrated Reasoning (IR)

The IR section tests your ability to analyze data from multiple sources and formats. You’ll encounter question types such as:

• Table Analysis: Analyzing data presented in a table.
• Graphics Interpretation: Interpreting information presented in graphs and charts.
• Multi-Source Reasoning: Combining information from multiple sources (text passages, tables, graphs) to answer questions.
• Two-Part Analysis: Selecting two correct answers from a list of options, based on a given scenario.

Success in this section requires strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and the ability to quickly process and synthesize information.

Quantitative Reasoning

The Quantitative section covers a range of mathematical topics, including:

• Arithmetic: Basic operations, fractions, decimals, percentages, ratios, and proportions.
• Algebra: Equations, inequalities, functions, and coordinate geometry.
• Geometry: Lines, angles, triangles, circles, and solid geometry.
• Word Problems: Applying mathematical concepts to solve real-world problems.
• Data Sufficiency: Determining whether the information provided is sufficient to solve a given problem.

While the math itself isn’t overly complex, the GMAT Quantitative section emphasizes problem-solving skills and the ability to apply mathematical concepts in unfamiliar contexts. Data Sufficiency questions are a unique feature of the GMAT and require a strategic approach.

Verbal Reasoning

The Verbal section assesses your reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and sentence correction skills. It includes the following question types:

• Reading Comprehension: Understanding and analyzing passages of text.
• Critical Reasoning: Evaluating arguments and drawing inferences.
• Sentence Correction: Identifying grammatical errors and improving sentence structure.

Strong reading skills, a solid understanding of grammar, and the ability to think critically are essential for success in this section.

Understanding the GRE

The GRE is a more general graduate-level exam, used for admission to a wide range of graduate programs, including MBA programs. While initially designed for programs outside of business, its acceptance by business schools has steadily increased, making it a viable alternative to the GMAT.

GRE Format and Structure

The GRE is also a computer-adaptive test, but its adaptive nature is at the *section* level, not the question level like the GMAT. This means that your performance on the first Quantitative and Verbal sections will determine the difficulty of the second sections. The exam consists of three sections:

1. Analytical Writing: Similar to the GMAT AWA, this section requires you to analyze an issue and an argument. You have 30 minutes for each essay (two essays total, so 1 hour).
2. Quantitative Reasoning: This section tests your mathematical abilities, similar to the GMAT Quantitative section. You have two 35-minute sections with 20 questions each (40 questions total).
3. Verbal Reasoning: This section assesses your reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and vocabulary skills. You have two 30-minute sections with 20 questions each (40 questions total).

An unscored experimental section (either Quantitative or Verbal) may also be included. You won’t know which section is the experimental one. The total testing time, excluding breaks, is approximately 3 hours and 45 minutes. Including check-in and breaks, plan to spend around 4.5 to 5 hours at the test center.

GRE Scoring

The GRE Quantitative and Verbal sections are scored on a scale of 130 to 170, in 1-point increments. The Analytical Writing section is scored on a scale of 0 to 6, in 0.5-point increments. Business schools typically focus on the Quantitative and Verbal scores. There is no overall score combining the sections.

Like the GMAT, GRE scores are valid for five years.

GRE Content Breakdown

Let’s delve deeper into the content of each GRE section:

Analytical Writing

The Analytical Writing section consists of two essays:

• Analyze an Issue: You’ll be presented with a statement on a general topic and asked to express your opinion on the issue. You’ll need to present a clear thesis statement and support your argument with evidence and reasoning.
• Analyze an Argument: Similar to the GMAT AWA, you’ll be asked to analyze the reasoning behind a given argument. You’ll need to identify the argument’s assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses.

Strong writing skills, logical reasoning, and the ability to articulate your thoughts clearly are essential for success in this section.

Quantitative Reasoning

The Quantitative section covers a range of mathematical topics, including:

• Arithmetic: Basic operations, fractions, decimals, percentages, ratios, and proportions.
• Algebra: Equations, inequalities, functions, and coordinate geometry.
• Geometry: Lines, angles, triangles, circles, and solid geometry.
• Data Analysis: Statistics, probability, and data interpretation.
• Quantitative Comparison: Comparing two quantities and determining which is greater, or if the relationship cannot be determined.

The GRE Quantitative section is generally considered to be less challenging than the GMAT Quantitative section, particularly in terms of the complexity of the word problems. However, it covers a broader range of topics, including statistics and data analysis, which are not directly tested on the GMAT.

Verbal Reasoning

The Verbal section assesses your reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and vocabulary skills. It includes the following question types:

• Reading Comprehension: Understanding and analyzing passages of text.
• Text Completion: Filling in blanks in a passage with the most appropriate words or phrases.
• Sentence Equivalence: Selecting two words that, when inserted into a sentence, create sentences with similar meanings.

A strong vocabulary is crucial for success in the GRE Verbal section, particularly for Text Completion and Sentence Equivalence questions. The Reading Comprehension passages can be dense and challenging, requiring careful reading and analytical skills.

GMAT vs GRE: Key Differences

Now that we’ve examined each test individually, let’s highlight the key differences between the GMAT and the GRE:

Focus and Content

• GMAT: Focuses specifically on skills relevant to business school, emphasizing analytical thinking, problem-solving, and reasoning within a business context. The Quantitative section features Data Sufficiency questions, which are unique to the GMAT.
• GRE: A more general graduate-level exam, testing skills applicable to a wider range of graduate programs. The Quantitative section covers a broader range of topics, including statistics and data analysis. The Verbal section places a greater emphasis on vocabulary.

Test Format and Structure

• GMAT: Computer-adaptive at the question level, meaning the difficulty of each question adjusts based on your performance.
• GRE: Computer-adaptive at the section level, meaning the difficulty of the second Quantitative and Verbal sections depends on your performance on the first sections.

Scoring

• GMAT: Overall score ranges from 200 to 800.
• GRE: Quantitative and Verbal sections are scored separately on a scale of 130 to 170.

Question Types

• GMAT: Includes Data Sufficiency questions in the Quantitative section, which require you to determine whether the information provided is sufficient to solve a problem.
• GRE: Includes Quantitative Comparison questions in the Quantitative section, which require you to compare two quantities. The Verbal section includes Text Completion and Sentence Equivalence questions, which test your vocabulary.

Difficulty Level

• GMAT: The GMAT Quantitative section is generally considered to be more challenging than the GRE Quantitative section, particularly in terms of the complexity of the word problems and the presence of Data Sufficiency questions.
• GRE: The GRE Verbal section is generally considered to be more challenging than the GMAT Verbal section, due to its emphasis on vocabulary and the density of the Reading Comprehension passages.

Which Test is Right for You? A Step-by-Step Guide

Choosing between the GMAT and the GRE depends on your individual strengths, weaknesses, and preferences. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you make the right decision:

Step 1: Take Practice Tests

The most effective way to determine which test is right for you is to take practice tests for both the GMAT and the GRE. This will give you a firsthand experience of the test format, question types, and difficulty level. You can find free practice tests online from the official test makers (GMAC for the GMAT and ETS for the GRE), as well as from test preparation companies.

When taking practice tests, simulate the actual testing environment as closely as possible. Find a quiet place where you won’t be disturbed, set a timer, and avoid using any outside resources. After completing each practice test, carefully review your answers, paying attention to the questions you got wrong and the reasons why.

Step 2: Analyze Your Strengths and Weaknesses

After taking practice tests, analyze your performance to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Consider the following questions:

• Which test did you score higher on?
• Which test did you feel more comfortable taking?
• Which question types did you find more challenging?
• Which test aligns better with your skillset and interests?

If you excel in quantitative reasoning and enjoy problem-solving, the GMAT might be a better fit for you. If you have a strong vocabulary and prefer a broader range of mathematical topics, the GRE might be a better choice.

Step 3: Consider Your Target Schools

While virtually all business schools now accept both the GMAT and the GRE, it’s still a good idea to check the admissions requirements of your target schools. Some schools may have a preference for the GMAT, while others may be more receptive to the GRE. Contact the admissions offices of your target schools to inquire about their testing preferences.

Keep in mind that even if a school accepts both tests, they may report average GMAT and GRE scores separately. This can give you an indication of which test is more commonly taken by admitted students.

Step 4: Think About Your Preparation Time

The amount of time you have to prepare for the test can also influence your decision. If you have limited time, you might want to choose the test that aligns better with your existing skillset, as this will require less preparation. If you have ample time to prepare, you can choose the test that you believe will give you the best chance of success, even if it requires more effort.

Consider the resources available to you for test preparation. Are you planning to take a test preparation course, work with a tutor, or study independently? The availability of resources for each test may vary depending on your location and budget.

Step 5: Don’t Overthink It!

Ultimately, the decision of whether to take the GMAT or the GRE is a personal one. Don’t overthink it! Both tests are accepted by virtually all business schools, and your score is just one factor in the admissions process. Focus on preparing thoroughly for the test you choose, and let your application speak for itself.

Debunking Common Myths About the GMAT and GRE

There are many myths and misconceptions surrounding the GMAT and the GRE. Let’s debunk some of the most common ones:

Myth 1: The GMAT is the Only Test for MBA Admissions

Reality: While the GMAT was traditionally the primary test for MBA admissions, the GRE is now widely accepted by virtually all business schools. In fact, many schools actively encourage applicants to submit GRE scores, as it allows them to attract a more diverse pool of candidates.

Myth 2: The GMAT is Easier Than the GRE

Reality: The difficulty of the GMAT and the GRE is subjective and depends on your individual strengths and weaknesses. Some people find the GMAT Quantitative section more challenging, while others find the GRE Verbal section more difficult. The best way to determine which test is easier for you is to take practice tests for both.

Myth 3: Business Schools Prefer the GMAT

Reality: While some business schools may have historically preferred the GMAT, this is no longer the case. Most schools view the GMAT and the GRE as equally valid measures of academic ability. The admissions committee is more interested in your overall score than in which test you took.

Myth 4: You Need a Perfect Score to Get into a Top Business School

Reality: While a high score is certainly beneficial, you don’t need a perfect score to get into a top business school. Admissions committees consider a wide range of factors, including your academic record, work experience, extracurricular activities, and essays. A well-rounded application with a strong personal statement can often compensate for a slightly lower test score.

Myth 5: Test Preparation Courses are Essential for Success

Reality: While test preparation courses can be helpful, they are not essential for success. Many students achieve high scores by studying independently using books, online resources, and practice tests. The key is to find a study method that works for you and to dedicate sufficient time to preparation.

Strategies for Test Preparation

Regardless of whether you choose the GMAT or the GRE, thorough preparation is essential for success. Here are some strategies to help you prepare for your chosen test:

Create a Study Plan

The first step in test preparation is to create a study plan. This will help you stay organized and focused, and ensure that you cover all the necessary material. Start by assessing your strengths and weaknesses, and then allocate your study time accordingly. Be realistic about how much time you can dedicate to studying each week, and stick to your plan as closely as possible.

Use Official Study Materials

The best study materials are those produced by the official test makers (GMAC for the GMAT and ETS for the GRE). These materials include practice tests, study guides, and question banks. Using official materials will give you the most accurate representation of the actual test format, question types, and difficulty level.

Take Practice Tests Regularly

Taking practice tests is crucial for test preparation. Practice tests will help you familiarize yourself with the test format, identify your strengths and weaknesses, and track your progress. Take practice tests under simulated testing conditions, and carefully review your answers afterwards.

Focus on Your Weaknesses

Don’t spend all your time studying the topics you already know well. Instead, focus on your weaknesses. Identify the areas where you are struggling, and dedicate extra time to mastering those concepts. Use practice questions, study guides, and online resources to improve your understanding of the material.

Get Plenty of Rest

Getting plenty of rest is essential for test preparation. Being well-rested will help you stay focused, think clearly, and perform at your best on the test. Avoid pulling all-nighters before the test, and make sure to get a good night’s sleep in the days leading up to the exam.

Manage Your Test Anxiety

Test anxiety is a common problem for many students. If you experience test anxiety, try to find ways to manage it. This might involve practicing relaxation techniques, visualizing success, or seeking counseling. Remember that your test score is just one factor in the admissions process, and don’t put too much pressure on yourself.

Conclusion

Choosing between the GMAT and the GRE is a significant decision for aspiring MBA students. Both tests are widely accepted and measure skills relevant to success in business school. By carefully considering your strengths, weaknesses, target schools, and preparation time, you can make an informed decision and choose the test that will give you the best chance of achieving your goals. Remember to prepare thoroughly, manage your test anxiety, and let your application speak for itself. Good luck!